Introduction
If you want to build WordPress websites yourself and wonder what WordPress consists of and would like to know more, keep reading. WordPress is open source software and currently more than 35% of all websites on the Internet are powered by WordPress.
WordPress was created as a Blogging engine and from the beginning of WordPress to the present day, new releases of WordPress are being released all the time. With each new release, WordPress gets better and better. Every programmer has the opportunity to participate in the development of WordPress and contribute to the development of this open source software. More information on the WordPress page.
WordPress components
WordPress consists of 3 major parts:
Core – contains the code of the content management system. Everything that provides admin panel functionality, adding messages, adding pages, creating archives, all default settings, the ability to add plug-ins and themes, and more. Everything what is in charge of the back-end. Don’t touch WordPress core files. WordPress core files shouldn’t be modified. You must create plugins if You would like to add new functionality or expand an existing one. WordPress core will be overwritten with each WordPress update.
WordPress core files:
index.php – is the main file that loads and initializes all the files of your website when the page visitor opens the page.
wp-config.php file – this file contains information about the database and access data, this file determines the WordPress configuration for connecting to your website database.
By default, the wp-config file contains comments that explain the meaning of the code.
MySQL settings (these settings determine the connection to the database). Here you define the database name, the user with full rights to the database, the password and the host.
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// ** MySQL settings - You can get this info from your web host ** ///** The name of the database for WordPress */define('DB_NAME', 'database_name_here');/** MySQL database username */define('DB_USER', 'username_here');/** MySQL database password */define('DB_PASSWORD', 'password_here');/** MySQL hostname */define('DB_HOST', 'localhost');/** Database Charset to use in creating database tables. */define('DB_CHARSET', 'utf8');/** The Database Collate type. Don't change this if in doubt. */define('DB_COLLATE', ''); |
.htaccess – The htaccess file contains your website’s URL’s and redirection settings. For example, if you change the settings in the WordPress administration panel, in the Settings – Permanent Links section you will change the link structure, the htaccess file will be overwritten automatically. You can also add other settings to the .htaccess file, when improving the speed of the website. Also when You are using WordPress Cache plugins, the information will be automatically written to the .htaccess file.
wp-admin – The directory contains WordPress content management system files.
wp-includes – contains files that define what WordPress looks like.
Themes – responsible for front-end, website design, layout. Theme is responsible how news, pages and various elements on your website looks like. Themes display the content of your WordPress page in a web browser. You can also create your own theme with a custom design and exactly what you want! You can also install one of the already created free WordPress themes from WordPress.org or purchase a paid theme developed by WordPress developer.
When designing a theme, keep in mind that the theme will affect page performance and load speed. The theme will also need to be updated regularly to ensure that it meets all standards. To develop a WordPress theme you need experience at least with HTML, CSS and PHP technologies.
The WordPress theme must contain an index.php file, which is the main template file, and a style.css file, which is the main style file. Almost all Themes contain many other additional files – text files with a license, documentation files, JavaScript files, it can contain several template files, several php files, JavaScript files, etc.
Themes for WordPress are stored in the wp-content / themes directory.
Plugins – A plugin is a set of PHP code that contains functions that can expand or add new functionality to your WordPress web page. Plugins are similar to themes, you can create your own plugin that will perform the functions you need. There are also thousands of free plugins and paid plug-ins with a wide range of options.
Plugins can, for example, add payment options with cards, add a contact form to Your web page, content translation options, etc. Plugin can affect the front-end (e.g., contact form, gallery, slider) as well as the back-end (e.g., backup). There are also plug-ins that affect both parties (such as a firewall).
When designing plugins, keep in mind that they can affect page performance and load speed.
WordPress plugins are stored in the wp-content / plugins directory.
Plugin can consist of multiple files and folders. The prerequisite is that the plugin must contain one php file containing the plugin comment in the header.
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